Area chart

1. Load data

# Source : https://observablehq.com/@d3/area-chart/2
import detroit as d3
import polars as pl # for data manipulation
from collections import namedtuple

URL = (
    "https://static.observableusercontent.com/files/de259092d525c13bd10926eaf7add45b15f"
    "2771a8b39bc541a5bba1e0206add4880eb1d876be8df469328a85243b7d813a91feb8cc4966de582dc"
    "02e5f8609b7?response-content-disposition=attachment%3Bfilename*%3DUTF-8%27%27aapl."
    "csv"
)

Margin = namedtuple("Margin", ["top", "right", "bottom", "left"])

aapl = pl.read_csv(URL).select(
    pl.col("date").str.to_datetime("%Y-%m-%d"),
    pl.col("close"),
)

shape: (1_280, 2)
┌─────────────────────┬────────┐
│ date                ┆ close  │
│ ---                 ┆ ---    │
│ datetime[μs]        ┆ f64    │
╞═════════════════════╪════════╡
│ 2007-04-23 00:00:00 ┆ 93.24  │
│ 2007-04-24 00:00:00 ┆ 95.35  │
│ 2007-04-25 00:00:00 ┆ 98.84  │
│ 2007-04-26 00:00:00 ┆ 99.92  │
│ 2007-04-29 00:00:00 ┆ 99.8   │
│ …                   ┆ …      │
│ 2012-04-24 00:00:00 ┆ 610.0  │
│ 2012-04-25 00:00:00 ┆ 607.7  │
│ 2012-04-26 00:00:00 ┆ 603.0  │
│ 2012-04-29 00:00:00 ┆ 583.98 │
│ 2012-05-01 00:00:00 ┆ 582.13 │
└─────────────────────┴────────┘

2. Make the area chart

# Declare the chart dimensions and margins.
width = 928
height = 500
margin = Margin(20, 30, 30, 40)

# Declare the x (horizontal position) scale.
x = d3.scale_time(
    [aapl["date"].min(), aapl["date"].max()], [margin.left, width - margin.right]
)

# Declare the y (vertical position) scale.
y = d3.scale_linear([0, aapl["close"].max()], [height - margin.bottom, margin.top])

# Declare the area generator.
area = d3.area().x(lambda d: x(d[0].timestamp())).y0(y(0)).y1(lambda d: y(d[1]))

# Create the SVG container.
svg = (
    d3.create("svg")
    .attr("width", width)
    .attr("height", height)
    .attr("viewBox", f"0 0 {width} {height}")
    .attr("style", "max-width: 100%; height: auto;")
)

# Append a path for the area (under the axes).
svg.append("path").attr("fill", "steelblue").attr("d", area(aapl.iter_rows()))

# Add the x-axis.
svg.append("g").attr("transform", f"translate(0, {height - margin.bottom})").call(
    d3.axis_bottom(x).set_ticks(width / 80).set_tick_size_outer(0)
)

# Add the y-axis, remove the domain line, add grid lines and a label.
(
    svg.append("g")
    .attr("transform", f"translate({margin.left}, 0)")
    .call(d3.axis_left(y).set_ticks(height / 40))
    .call(lambda g: g.select(".domain").remove())
    .call(
        lambda g: g.select_all(".tick")
        .select_all("line")
        .clone()
        .attr("x2", width - margin.left - margin.right)
        .attr("stroke-opacity", 0.1)
    )
    .call(
        lambda g: (
            g.append("text")
            .attr("x", -margin.left)
            .attr("y", 10)
            .attr("fill", "currentColor")
            .attr("text-anchor", "start")
            .text("↑ Daily close ($)")
        )
    )
)

3. Save your chart

with open("area.svg", "w") as file:
    file.write(str(svg))